Impact of Productive Safety Net Program on Household Food Security in Kenna District, Konso Zone, Southern Ethiopia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36877/mjae.a0000596Abstract
Abstract: Chronic food insecurity is one of the problems that has plagued millions of Ethiopians for centuries. To solve this problem, in 2005 the Ethiopian government, in collaboration with development partners, launched a social protection program called the Productive Safety Net Program. This study evaluated the impact of the Productive Safety Net program on household food security in the Konso Zone, Kenna District, Southern Ethiopia. Data were collected from a total of 264 selected households using a multistage sampling procedure. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to assess program impact on household food security. A logit model was used to analyze potential covariate variables that influence household participation in the Productive Safety Net program. The study found that having livestock, credit, and a large amount of cultivated land had a negative impact on people's willingness to participate in the productive safety net program. Conversely, positively influenced by shock experience and agricultural extension. The Propensity Score Matching (PSM) resulted in matching 125 control households with 130 treated households. In other words, matching comparisons based on outcome variables were performed on these households that shared similar pre-intervention characteristics except for participation in the program. According to the PSM results, the program intervention raised the beneficiary families' total income and calorie intake by 277.31 kcal per capita/AE/Day) and 1789.42 ETB, respectively, as compared to non-beneficiaries. This study demonstrated how the program had a considerable impact on household calorie consumption and income. As a result, the focus of the development intervention should be on linking PSNP support with income-generating activities, vocational training, and credit access; designing labor-intensive public works that build sustainable community assets; regularly assessing PSNP's impact on food security and making timely adjustments
References
Abiyu, A., Tebeje, M., & Mekonnen, E. (2015). Determinants of small-scale irrigation utilization by smallholder farmers in Rift Valley Basin, Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 5(21), 2224–3186.
Abduselam, A. (2017). Impact of Ethiopia’s Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) on household livelihood: The case of Babile District in Somali Regional State, Ethiopia. International Journal of Economy, Energy and Environment, 2(2), 25–31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeee.20170202.12
Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA). (2014). Africa agriculture status report 2014: Climate change and smallholder agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa (Report No. 2014). Nairobi, Kenya: Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa. http://hdl.handle.net/10568/42343
Bryson, A., Dorsett, R., & Purdon, S. (2002). The use of propensity score matching in the evaluation of labor market policies (Working Paper No. 4). Department for Work and Pensions.
Cameron, A. C., & Trivedi, P. K. (2005). Microeconometrics: Methods and applications. Cambridge University Press.
Gizachew, D., Reddy, P. C., & Beshir, H. (2018). Review of the impact of Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) on rural welfare in Ethiopia. International Journal of Economics and Business Management, (No. 1547-2018-6243).
Habtamu, A. (2011). Impact of Productive Safety Net Program on household welfare and labor supply in rural Ethiopia: A panel data approach [Master’s thesis, Addis Ababa University]. Addis Ababa University.
Heckman, J., Ichimura, H., Smith, J., et al. (1998). Characterizing selection bias using experimental data.
Econometrica, 66(5), 1017–1098.
Hermela, M. (2015). An assessment of the role of Productive Safety Net Program on household resilience: The case of Dodota District of Oromia Region [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Addis Ababa University.
Kassa, W. A. (2018). Impact of Productive Safety Net Program in rural community of Ethiopia: A review study.
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, 10(5), 84–88
Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research methodology: Methods and techniques (2nd ed.). New Age International Publishers.
KWoA (Kenna Woreda Office of Agriculture). (2019). Food security and work creation process: Productive Safety Net Programme. Kenna Woreda, Fasha. Unpublished report.
KWoFED (Kenna Woreda Office of Finance and Economic Development). (2019). Work process of social and economic census affairs. Kenna Woreda, Fasha. Unpublished report.
Melkamu, M., & Mesfin, M. (2015). Estimating the effect of participation in Productive Safety Net Program on individual calorie intake using propensity-score matching in Kamba District of Southern Ethiopia. International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences, 5(5), 197–213.
MoARD (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development). (2015). Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP 4): Joint review and implementation support mission, November 23–December 4, 2015 – Aide Mémoire. Unpublished report.
NBE (National Bank of Ethiopia). (2018). 2017/18 annual report. National Bank of Ethiopia. Addis Ababa.
Nesreddin, A. (2014). Impact of Productive Safety Net Program on the livelihood and food security of rural households: The case of Sofi District of Harari Region, Ethiopia [Master’s thesis, Haramaya University]. Haramaya University.
Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika, 70(1), 41–45.
Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1985). Constructing a control group using multivariate matched sampling methods that incorporate the propensity score. The American Statistician, 39(1), 33–38.
Schaffnit-Chatterjee, C. (2014). Agricultural value chains in Sub-Saharan Africa: From a development challenge to a business opportunity. Current Issues: Emerging Markets. Deutsche Bank Research.
Tadele, M. (2011). Impact of Productive Safety Net on asset accumulation and sustainable land management practices in the Central Rift Valley: The case of Adamitulu Jido Kombolcha and Meskan Districts [Master’s thesis, Addis Ababa University]. Addis Ababa University.
Walelign, A., Bamlaku, A., & Anteneh, D. (2019). Impacts of the Productive Safety Net Program on the livelihood of households: The case of Enebse Sar Midir District, Ethiopia. International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences, 6(2), 129–140.
White, H., Sinha, S., & Flanagan, A. (1999). A review of the state of impact evaluation. Independent Evaluation Group, World Bank.
Yitagesu, F. (2014). Impact of Productive Safety Net Program on food security in Ethiopia Somali Region: The case of Keberibeyah Woreda [Master’s thesis, Addis Ababa University]. Addis Ababa University.
.png){kind=logo}
.jpg)
